The Sloan Digital Sky Survey, shown above, is two separate surveys in one. Galaxies are identified in 2-D images, at right, then have their distance determined from their spectrum to create a 3-D map, left, that is 2 billion light-years deep. Each galaxy is shown as a single point and the color represents the luminosity. This survey only the 66,976 of the 205,443 galaxies in the map that lie near the plane of Earth’s equator. (Photo courtesy of Sloan Digital Sky Survey)
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